Michael Emerman
memerman@fredhutch.orgFred Hutch,
Genetics, Genomics & Evolution
Microbiology, Infection & Immunity
HIV replication and host antiviral genes
Faculty Contact Information
Lab Information
Accepting Students For:
Publications
The following publications were retrieved from PubMed:
A virus-packageable CRISPR screen identifies host factors mediating interferon inhibition of HIV.
OhAinle M, Helms L, Vermeire J, Roesch F, Humes D, Basom R, Delrow JJ, Overbaugh J, Emerman M.
Elife. 2018 Dec 6; (7)
Recurrent Loss of APOBEC3H Activity during Primate Evolution.
Garcia EI, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2018 Jun 20;
Roesch F, OhAinle M, Emerman M.
Retrovirology. 2018 Mar 20; 1(15)26
Baldauf HM, Stegmann L, Schwarz SM, Ambiel I, Trotard M, Martin M, Burggraf M, Lenzi GM, Lejk H, Pan X, Fregoso OI, Lim ES, Abraham L, Nguyen LA, Rutsch F, König R, Kim B, Emerman M, Fackler OT, Keppler OT.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Mar 7; 10(114)2729-2734
Adolph MB, Ara A, Feng Y, Wittkopp CJ, Emerman M, Fraser JS, Chelico L.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Apr 7; 6(45)3378-3394
A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Human APOBEC3C Enhances Restriction of Lentiviruses.
Wittkopp CJ, Adolph MB, Wu LI, Chelico L, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2016 Oct; 10(12)e1005865
Fregoso OI, Emerman M.
MBio. 2016 Sep 13; 5(7)
Conservation and Innovation of APOBEC3A Restriction Functions during Primate Evolution.
McLaughlin RN Jr, Gable JT, Wittkopp CJ, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Mol Biol Evol. 2016 Aug; 8(33)1889-901
Evolutionary Analyses Suggest a Function of MxB Immunity Proteins Beyond Lentivirus Restriction.
Mitchell PS, Young JM, Emerman M, Malik HS.
PLoS Pathog. 2015 Dec; 12(11)e1005304
Etienne L, Bibollet-Ruche F, Sudmant PH, Wu LI, Hahn BH, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2015 Sep; 9(11)e1005149
Refsland EW, Hultquist JF, Luengas EM, Ikeda T, Shaban NM, Law EK, Brown WL, Reilly C, Emerman M, Harris RS.
PLoS Genet. 2014 Nov; 11(10)e1004761
Matsen FA 4th, Small CT, Soliven K, Engel GA, Feeroz MM, Wang X, Craig KL, Hasan MK, Emerman M, Linial ML, Jones-Engel L.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2014 Feb; 2(10)e1003493
Antagonism of SAMHD1 is actively maintained in natural infections of simian immunodeficiency virus.
Spragg CJ, Emerman M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 24; 52(110)21136-41
Malfavon-Borja R, Sawyer SL, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Genome Biol Evol. 2013; 11(5)2141-54
The mongoose, the pheasant, the pox, and the retrovirus.
Etienne L, Emerman M.
PLoS Biol. 2013; 8(11)e1001641
Host gene evolution traces the evolutionary history of ancient primate lentiviruses.
Compton AA, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2013 Sep 19; 1626(368)20120496
Fregoso OI, Ahn J, Wang C, Mehrens J, Skowronski J, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2013; 7(9)e1003496
Gene loss and adaptation to hominids underlie the ancient origin of HIV-1.
Etienne L, Hahn BH, Sharp PM, Matsen FA, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2013 Jul 17; 1(14)85-92
Duggal NK, Fu W, Akey JM, Emerman M.
Virology. 2013 Sep 1; 2(443)329-37
An evolutionary perspective on the broad antiviral specificity of MxA.
Mitchell PS, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2013 Aug; 4(16)493-9
Compton AA, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2013 Jan; 1(9)e1003135
Birth, decay, and reconstruction of an ancient TRIMCyp gene fusion in primate genomes.
Malfavon-Borja R, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Feb 12; 7(110)E583-92
Mitchell PS, Patzina C, Emerman M, Haller O, Malik HS, Kochs G.
Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Oct 18; 4(12)598-604
Evolutionary conflicts between viruses and restriction factors shape immunity.
Duggal NK, Emerman M.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Oct; 10(12)687-95
Lim ES, Wu LI, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Retrovirology. 2012 Jun 26; (9)55
Lim ES, Fregoso OI, McCoy CO, Matsen FA, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Feb 16; 2(11)194-204
Compton AA, Hirsch VM, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Jan 19; 1(11)91-8
The DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX6 is required for efficient encapsidation of a retroviral genome.
Yu SF, Lujan P, Jackson DL, Emerman M, Linial ML.
PLoS Pathog. 2011 Oct; 10(7)e1002303
Paleovirology - ghosts and gifts of viruses past.
Patel MR, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Curr Opin Virol. 2011 Oct; 4(1)304-9
The breadth of antiviral activity of Apobec3DE in chimpanzees has been driven by positive selection.
Duggal NK, Malik HS, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2011 Nov; 21(85)11361-71
Li MM, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2011 Aug; 16(85)8197-207
Trim5 TAKes on pattern recognition.
Tareen SU, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2011 May 19; 5(9)349-50
Human Trim5α has additional activities that are uncoupled from retroviral capsid recognition.
Tareen SU, Emerman M.
Virology. 2011 Jan 5; 1(409)113-20
Lim ES, Malik HS, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2010 Jul; 14(84)7124-34
Paleovirology--modern consequences of ancient viruses.
Emerman M, Malik HS.
PLoS Biol. 2010 Feb 9; 2(8)e1000301
The range of human APOBEC3H sensitivity to lentiviral Vif proteins.
Li MM, Wu LI, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2010 Jan; 1(84)88-95
Lim ES, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2009 Nov; 22(83)11673-81
Yamashita M, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2009 Oct; 19(83)9835-43
Genetic drift of HIV populations in culture.
Voronin Y, Holte S, Overbaugh J, Emerman M.
PLoS Genet. 2009 Mar; 3(5)e1000431
An expanded clade of rodent Trim5 genes.
Tareen SU, Sawyer SL, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Virology. 2009 Mar 15; 2(385)473-83
Guidelines for naming nonprimate APOBEC3 genes and proteins.
LaRue RS, Andrésdóttir V, Blanchard Y, Conticello SG, Derse D, Emerman M, Greene WC, Jónsson SR, Landau NR, Löchelt M, Malik HS, Malim MH, Münk C, O'Brien SJ, Pathak VK, Strebel K, Wain-Hobson S, Yu XF, Yuhki N, Harris RS.
J Virol. 2009 Jan; 2(83)494-7
Diehl WE, Stansell E, Kaiser SM, Emerman M, Hunter E.
J Virol. 2008 Nov; 22(82)11140-51
Antiretroelement activity of APOBEC3H was lost twice in recent human evolution.
OhAinle M, Kerns JA, Li MM, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Sep 11; 3(4)249-59
Determinants of cyclophilin A-dependent TRIM5 alpha restriction against HIV-1.
Lin TY, Emerman M.
Virology. 2008 Sep 30; 2(379)335-41
HIV-1 accessory proteins--ensuring viral survival in a hostile environment.
Malim MH, Emerman M.
Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Jun 12; 6(3)388-98
Kerns JA, Emerman M, Malik HS.
PLoS Genet. 2008 Jan; 1(4)e21
Discordant evolution of the adjacent antiretroviral genes TRIM22 and TRIM5 in mammals.
Sawyer SL, Emerman M, Malik HS.
PLoS Pathog. 2007 Dec; 12(3)e197
Evidence for direct involvement of the capsid protein in HIV infection of nondividing cells.
Yamashita M, Perez O, Hope TJ, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2007 Oct 26; 10(3)1502-10
Voronin Y, Chohan B, Emerman M, Overbaugh J.
J Virol. 2007 Oct; 19(81)10232-41
Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein.
Kaiser SM, Malik HS, Emerman M.
Science. 2007 Jun 22; 5832(316)1756-8
A plea for justice for jailed medical workers.
Ahuja SK, Aiuti F, Berkhout B, Biberfeld P, Burton DR, Colizzi V, Deeks SG, Desrosiers RC, Dierich MP, Doms RW, Emerman M, Gallo RC, Girard M, Greene WC, Hoxie JA, Hunter E, Klein G, Korber B, Kuritzkes DR, Lederman MM, Malim MH, Marx PA, McCune JM, McMichael A, Miller C, Miller V, Montagnier L, Montefiori DC, Moore JP, Nixon DF, Overbaugh J, Pauza CD, Richman DD, Saag MS, Sattentau Q, Schooley RT, Shattock R, Shaw GM, Stevenson M, Trkola A, Wainberg MA, Weiss RA, Wolinsky S, Zack JA.
Science. 2006 Nov 10; 5801(314)924-5
Cyclophilin A interacts with diverse lentiviral capsids.
Lin TY, Emerman M.
Retrovirology. 2006 Oct 12; (3)70
Retroviral DNA integration: viral and cellular determinants of target-site selection.
Lewinski MK, Yamashita M, Emerman M, Ciuffi A, Marshall H, Crawford G, Collins F, Shinn P, Leipzig J, Hannenhalli S, Berry CC, Ecker JR, Bushman FD.
PLoS Pathog. 2006 Jun; 6(2)e60
Adaptive evolution and antiviral activity of the conserved mammalian cytidine deaminase APOBEC3H.
OhAinle M, Kerns JA, Malik HS, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2006 Apr; 8(80)3853-62
How TRIM5alpha defends against retroviral invasions.
Emerman M
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 4; 14(103)5249-50
Sawyer SL, Wu LI, Akey JM, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Curr Biol. 2006 Jan 10; 1(16)95-100
Kaiser SM, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2006 Jan; 2(80)875-82
Retroviral infection of non-dividing cells: old and new perspectives.
Yamashita M, Emerman M.
Virology. 2006 Jan 5; 1(344)88-93
Voronin Y, Overbaugh J, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2005 Dec; 24(79)15091-8
The cell cycle independence of HIV infections is not determined by known karyophilic viral elements.
Yamashita M, Emerman M.
PLoS Pathog. 2005 Nov; 3(1)e18
Sawyer SL, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malik HS.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Feb 22; 8(102)2832-7
Ancient adaptive evolution of the primate antiviral DNA-editing enzyme APOBEC3G.
Sawyer SL, Emerman M, Malik HS.
PLoS Biol. 2004 Sep; 9(2)E275
Capsid is a dominant determinant of retrovirus infectivity in nondividing cells.
Yamashita M, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2004 Jun; 11(78)5670-8
Controlling lentiviruses: single amino acid changes can determine specificity.
Kaiser SM, Emerman M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 16; 11(101)3725-6
The human immunodeficiency virus Vpr protein binds Cdc25C: implications for G2 arrest.
Goh WC, Manel N, Emerman M.
Virology. 2004 Jan 5; 1(318)337-49
Gummuluru S, Rogel M, Stamatatos L, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2003 Dec; 23(77)12865-74
Visualization of the intracellular behavior of HIV in living cells.
McDonald D, Vodicka MA, Lucero G, Svitkina TM, Borisy GG, Emerman M, Hope TJ.
J Cell Biol. 2002 Nov 11; 3(159)441-52
Dvorin JD, Bell P, Maul GG, Yamashita M, Emerman M, Malim MH.
J Virol. 2002 Dec; 23(76)12087-96
Gummuluru S, KewalRamani VN, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2002 Nov; 21(76)10692-701
Evidence for a cytopathogenicity determinant in HIV-1 Vpr.
Somasundaran M, Sharkey M, Brichacek B, Luzuriaga K, Emerman M, Sullivan JL, Stevenson M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jul 9; 14(99)9503-8
HIV-1 Vpr does not inhibit CTL-mediated apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells.
Lewinsohn DA, Lines R, Lewinsohn DM, Riddell SR, Greenberg PD, Emerman M, Bartz SR.
Virology. 2002 Mar 1; 1(294)13-21
HIV-1 infection requires a functional integrase NLS.
Bouyac-Bertoia M, Dvorin JD, Fouchier RA, Jenkins Y, Meyer BE, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malim MH.
Mol Cell. 2001 May; 5(7)1025-35
HIV-1 sequence variation: drift, shift, and attenuation.
Malim MH, Emerman M.
Cell. 2001 Feb 23; 4(104)469-72
Gummuluru S, Kinsey CM, Emerman M.
J Virol. 2000 Dec; 23(74)10882-91
Direct detection of infectious HIV-1 in blood using a centrifugation-indicator cell assay.
Harrington R, Wu L, Pullen H, Emerman M.
J Virol Methods. 2000 Jul; 1(88)111-5
A competition model for viral inhibition of host cell proliferation.
Holtea S, Emerman M.
Math Biosci. 2000 Jul; 1(166)69-84
Gummuluru S, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1999 Jul; 7(73)5422-30
Bartz SR, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1999 Mar; 3(73)1956-63
Goh WC, Markee J, Akridge RE, Meldorf M, Musey L, Karchmer T, Krone M, Collier A, Corey L, Emerman M, McElrath MJ.
J Infect Dis. 1999 Mar; 3(179)548-57
HIV-1 regulatory/accessory genes: keys to unraveling viral and host cell biology.
Emerman M, Malim MH.
Science. 1998 Jun 19; 5371(280)1880-4
Agosto M, Allan J, Benson C, Berger EA, Blumenthal R, Burton D, Clements J, Coffin J, Connor R, Cullen B, Desrosiers R, Dimitrov D, Doms R, Emerman M, Feinberg M, Fultz P, Gerard C, Gonsalves G, Haase A, Haigwood N, Hirsch V, Ho D, Hoxie JA, Hu SL, Zingale D.
Science. 1998 May 8; 5365(280)803, 804-5
HIV-1 Vpr interacts with the nuclear transport pathway to promote macrophage infection.
Vodicka MA, Koepp DM, Silver PA, Emerman M.
Genes Dev. 1998 Jan 15; 2(12)175-85
Goh WC, Rogel ME, Kinsey CM, Michael SF, Fultz PN, Nowak MA, Hahn BH, Emerman M.
Nat Med. 1998 Jan; 1(4)65-71
Small heat shock protein suppression of Vpr-induced cytoskeletal defects in budding yeast.
Gu J, Emerman M, Sandmeyer S.
Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Jul; 7(17)4033-42
Indicator cell lines for detection of primary strains of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses.
Vodicka MA, Goh WC, Wu LI, Rogel ME, Bartz SR, Schweickart VL, Raport CJ, Emerman M.
Virology. 1997 Jun 23; 1(233)193-8
Selig L, Benichou S, Rogel ME, Wu LI, Vodicka MA, Sire J, Benarous R, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1997 Jun; 6(71)4842-6
Stivahtis GL, Soares MA, Vodicka MA, Hahn BH, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1997 Jun; 6(71)4331-8
Fletcher TM 3rd, Brichacek B, Sharova N, Newman MA, Stivahtis G, Sharp PM, Emerman M, Hahn BH, Stevenson M.
EMBO J. 1996 Nov 15; 22(15)6155-65
Gene acquisition in HIV and SIV.
Sharp PM, Bailes E, Stevenson M, Emerman M, Hahn BH.
Nature. 1996 Oct 17; 6601(383)586-7
Kewalramani VN, Park CS, Gallombardo PA, Emerman M.
Virology. 1996 Apr 15; 2(218)326-34
Bartz SR, Rogel ME, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1996 Apr; 4(70)2324-31
Vpx association with mature core structures of HIV-2.
Kewalramani VN, Emerman M.
Virology. 1996 Apr 1; 1(218)159-68
Rogel ME, Wu LI, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1995 Feb; 2(69)882-8
Molecular basis of cell cycle dependent HIV-1 replication. Implications for control of virus burden.
Stevenson M, Brichacek B, Heinzinger N, Swindells S, Pirruccello S, Janoff E, Emerman M.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995; (374)33-45
Heinzinger NK, Bukrinsky MI, Haggerty SA, Ragland AM, Kewalramani V, Lee MA, Gendelman HE, Ratner L, Stevenson M, Emerman M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19; 15(91)7311-5
Functional exchange of an oncoretrovirus and a lentivirus matrix protein.
Deminie CA, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1994 Jul; 7(68)4442-9
Adams M, Sharmeen L, Kimpton J, Romeo JM, Garcia JV, Peterlin BM, Groudine M, Emerman M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26; 9(91)3862-6
Lewis PF, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1994 Jan; 1(68)510-6
Deminie CA, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1993 Nov; 11(67)6499-506
Bukrinsky MI, Haggerty S, Dempsey MP, Sharova N, Adzhubel A, Spitz L, Lewis P, Goldfarb D, Emerman M, Stevenson M.
Nature. 1993 Oct 14; 6447(365)666-9
Human immunodeficiency virus infection of cells arrested in the cell cycle.
Lewis P, Hensel M, Emerman M.
EMBO J. 1992 Aug; 8(11)3053-8
Paulous S, Emerman M, Keller R, Montagnier L, Cordonnier A.
J Gen Virol. 1992 Jul; (73 ( Pt 7))1773-80
Kewalramani VN, Panganiban AT, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1992 May; 5(66)3026-31
Kimpton J, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1992 Apr; 4(66)2232-9
Peden K, Emerman M, Montagnier L.
Virology. 1991 Dec; 2(185)661-72
Rocancourt D, Bonnerot C, Jouin H, Emerman M, Nicolas JF.
J Virol. 1990 Jun; 6(64)2660-8
The cytoplasmic domain of simian immunodeficiency virus transmembrane protein modulates infectivity.
Chakrabarti L, Emerman M, Tiollais P, Sonigo P.
J Virol. 1989 Oct; 10(63)4395-403
Cordonnier A, Rivière Y, Montagnier L, Emerman M.
J Virol. 1989 Oct; 10(63)4464-8
Single amino-acid changes in HIV envelope affect viral tropism and receptor binding.
Cordonnier A, Montagnier L, Emerman M.
Nature. 1989 Aug 17; 6234(340)571-4
The rev gene product of the human immunodeficiency virus affects envelope-specific RNA localization.
Emerman M, Vazeux R, Peden K.
Cell. 1989 Jun 30; 7(57)1155-65
Guyader M, Emerman M, Montagnier L, Peden K.
EMBO J. 1989 Apr; 4(8)1169-75
Emerman M, Guyader M, Montagnier L, Baltimore D, Muesing MA.
EMBO J. 1987 Dec 1; 12(6)3755-60
Genome organization and transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2.
Guyader M, Emerman M, Sonigo P, Clavel F, Montagnier L, Alizon M.
Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22; 6114(326)662-9
Instability of large direct repeats in retrovirus vectors.
Rhode BW, Emerman M, Temin HM.
J Virol. 1987 Mar; 3(61)925-7
Comparison of promoter suppression in avian and murine retrovirus vectors.
Emerman M, Temin HM.
Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Dec 9; 23(14)9381-96
Quantitative analysis of gene suppression in integrated retrovirus vectors.
Emerman M, Temin HM.
Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Mar; 3(6)792-800
Insertion of genes into retrovirus genomes and of retrovirus DNA into cell genomes.
Emerman M, Panganiban AT, Temin HM.
Prog Med Virol. 1985; (32)174-88
Emerman M, Temin HM.
Cell. 1984 Dec; 3 Pt 2(39)449-67
High-frequency deletion in recovered retrovirus vectors containing exogenous DNA with promoters.
Emerman M, Temin HM.
J Virol. 1984 Apr; 1(50)42-9
Cleavage and cross-linking of proteins with osmium (VII) reagents.
Emerman M, Behrman EJ.
J Histochem Cytochem. 1982 Apr; 4(30)395-7
Research Summary
The Emerman lab studies host-cell interactions of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and related viruses. We wish to understand the molecular and evolutionary basis of virus replication and pathogenesis. We study the evolution and function of host antiviral genes in order to determine how HIV adapted to humans, and how ancient viral infections influenced the susceptibility or resistance of humans to modern lentiviruses.